第八章 The Industrial Revolution 工业革命
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effect on the economy: he abolished the old guilds and introduced freedom of trade. At the same time a large new market was opening up in France, not least for coal. ??A Briton was responsible for the next pioneering breakthrough. In 1799 William Cockerill installed the first woollen spinning machine on the continent in Verviers, thereby laying the foundations for a booming textile industry in the region. Cockerill then built an engineering factory to make the machines in Liege. Some years later his son John began to produce iron in nearby Seraing on the River Sambre, and the business expanded rapidly. “Cockerill–Sambre”is still producing steel today under the roof of the gigantic